CATALOGUE OF SUBSTITUTIONS


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Examples from the industry: Rubber and plastics industry
Number of examples: 61
Cables without lead, PVC and phthalates.
nkt-cables has developed cable installation without lead, PVC and phtalates. The new cable type NOPOVIC® is based on a mixture of halogenfree polymers such as PE, PP and EVA copolymers with added non-flamable minerals like magnesium and aluminium hydrates.

NKT-cables a/s - Tuesday, June 17, 2008



Substitution of phthalates with Castor oil
As a substitute for phthalates Danisco has developed a product based on Castor oil and acetic acid. The use of the product is primarely as a plasticizer for plastic used in food wrappings, children´s toys and medical equipment.
Danisco A/S - Tuesday, June 17, 2008



Deca-BDE and Alternatives in Electrical and Electronic Equipment
The study summarises information on the use of the brominated flame retardant Deca-BDE CAS No 1163-19-5 in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) and describes suitable alternatives to Deca-BDE. The study has not identified any application of Deca-BDE in EEE for which substitution is not possible, from the scientific or technical point of view.
Environmental Protection Agency - Thursday, June 12, 2008



Afrensning af trykdug ved offset på polypropylen
Til afrensning af trykdug for UV-trykfarver blev der tidligere anvendt Rensevæske nr. 144 fra Randers Kemiske Industri. Produktet inderholder bl.a. ethylacetat (cas 141-78-6 Ethyl acetate Ethylacetat ) og isopropanol, og har MAL-kode 4-1 (1993) og er mærket lokalirriterende (Xi)
Til opgaven anvendes nu et produkt, der indeholder ethanol og isopropanol. Dette produkt har MAL-kode(1993)2-1.
Superfos - Thursday, May 22, 2008



Rengøring af farvevalser fra UV-offset
Til afrensning af farvevalser fra UV-offset tryk er man gået fra et lokalirriterende produkt indeholdende ethylacetat (cas 141-78-6 Ethyl acetate ) med MAL-kodenummer 4-1 til et produkt indeholdende ethanolforbindelser med Mal-kodenummer 2-1.
Superfos - Wednesday, May 21, 2008



Afrensning af farvebakker i rensebar
Til vask af farvekasser fra offsettryk har virksomheden udskiftet et produkt med ethylacetat med et produkt med meget mindre fordamping. Det nye produkt er hudirriterende.
Superfos - Wednesday, May 21, 2008



Offset tryk på polypropylen - UV-farver
På virksomheden anvendes nu UV-farver til offset trykning på polypropylen emballage. Førhen anvendtes opløsningsmiddelbaserede farver.
Superfos - Wednesday, May 21, 2008



Snekkerens ved sprøjtestøbning i polypropylen
Ved sprøjtestøbning i polypropylen renses maskinen mellem farveskift. Tidligere anvendtes et faremærket produkt. Der anvendes nu et produkt, der ikke er faremærket - en harpiks på styrolbasis.
Superfos - Wednesday, May 21, 2008



Snekkerens ved sprøjtestøbning i polypropylen
Ved sprøjtestøbning i polypropylen renses maskinen mellem farveskift. Tidligere anvendtes tidligere et faremærket produkt. Der anvendes nu et produkt, der ikke er faremærket - en harpiks på styrolbasis.
Superfos - Wednesday, May 21, 2008



Alternatives to PVC and phthalates
There are many alternatives to PVC and phthalates for use in office supplies, rainwear, outdoor wear, rubber boots and waders, toys etc. The Danish Environmental Protection Agency’s fact sheets comment on alternative plasticisers in PVC, alternative plastic types and completely other materials than plastic.
COWI A/S - Thursday, August 05, 2004



Afrensning af silikonepuder til trykning
LEGO System A/S - Monday, March 08, 2004



Substitution af methanol til ethanol
JobLiv Danmark as - Thursday, January 29, 2004



Cleaning of rollers with benzine
The company used benzine to remove talcum powder from rollers. Microfibre cloths can be used instead.
JobLiv Danmark as - Thursday, September 11, 2003



Reparation and surface treatment of ships
A product containing coal tar (CAS 8007-45-2 , 84650-4-4) was substituted to a product without coal tar.
Danish Working Environmenet Authority - Wednesday, October 29, 2008



Rensning af værktøj på bådeværft
Arbejdstilsynet - Thursday, August 21, 2003



Afrensning af værktøjer til polyesterstøbning.
Arbejdstilsynet - Thursday, August 21, 2003



Rengøring af værktøjer til polyesterstøbning
Arbejdstilsynet - Thursday, August 21, 2003



Removal of surplus colour with IPA spirit
To remove surplus colour when manufacturing number plates, the company used IPA spirit with ethanol 90% (CAS No. 64-17-5 Ethanol ) and 2-propanol 10%. The development of a tool consisting of a hollow handle with a cotton core reduced the risk of skin contact consi
Kayser Plast - Monday, July 07, 2003



Colour paste without phthalates for acrylics
Many of the colour pastes used for colouring acrylics in the plastics industry are based on dibutyl phthalate. Colour paste based on citric acid ester is now available.
Repsol Brønderslev A/S - Wednesday, July 02, 2003



Cleaning after polymerisation of acrylate plastic
For cleaning of mixing tubes after polymerisation of acrylate plastic, the company used methylene chloride (CAS No. 75-09-2 Dichloromethane ). A process in which the mixing tubes are cleaned with hot water (90° C) in a high-pressure washing system has now been introduced.
Repsol Brønderslev A/S - Tuesday, April 04, 2006



Surface-active substances for leak testing of plastic welds
For leak testing welds in plastic tubs, the company used a product that caused skin problems. The product has been replaced by ordinary sulphone.
BST Sjælland - Tuesday, July 01, 2003



Opsamling af oliespild
Løgstør Rør A/S - Friday, June 20, 2003



Klæber til gummi og metal
Ellegaard Conveyor - Monday, May 05, 2003



Afrensning af trykfarver
Superfos Packaging - Friday, April 25, 2003



Replacement of lead in alloy
For plastic moulding, a company is using an alloy containing lead. Testing a mixture of bismuth and tin instead of lead is suggested.
BST Sjælland - Monday, March 24, 2003



Methylene chloride for cleaning of plastic before gluing
For degreasing before gluing or welding, the company formerly used methylene chloride (CAS No. 75-09-2 Dichloromethane ). On polypropylene (PP) and PVC surfaces methylene chloride has been replaced by ethanol (CAS No. 64-17-5 Ethanol ).
Instrumatic A/S - Monday, March 24, 2003



Stabiliser for PVC
In the plastics industry, leaded stabilisers were earlier used in connection with the production of hard PVC blanks. Stabiliser systems based on calcium and zinc compounds can replace lead.
BST Århus - Monday, March 24, 2003



Substitution of cellulose diluent for cleaning of conveyor belt
Cellulose diluent was used in order to remove residual glue from a conveyor belt. The company now uses methylated spirit instead of cellulose diluent.
BST Lolland-Falster - Monday, March 24, 2003



Vulcanisation of remould tyres without the use of a release agent
A company manufacturing remould tyres used a release agent that contained graphite and mica dissolved in heptane in a mould when performing the vulcanisation. By unpacking the tyres immediately after the vulcanisation while they are still hot, the company
BST Århus - Monday, March 24, 2003



Degreasing of rubber before repair/patching
A company in the rubber and plastics industry used to use a degreaser based on chlorated solvents to degrease rubber before repair/patching. This product has now been replaced by a cleaning agent based on citrus oil.
BST Århus - Monday, March 24, 2003



Cleaning agent for removal of polyester residue
A company used the carcinogenic substance dichloromethane (CAS No. 75-09-2 Dichloromethane ) in order to remove polyester residue from mixing chambers. Dichloromethane has been replaced by N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (CAS No. 872-50-4 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidinone ), which must, however, be heated to 60° C and circulated in the chamber for a somewhat longer time.
BST Århus - Monday, March 17, 2003



Replacement of PVC glue by mechanical joining
A company in the rubber and plastics industry used to glue plastic blanks together by means of tetrahydrofuran-containing PVC glue. The company has replaced gluing with mechanical joining methods, e.g. snap joining.
BST Århus - Monday, March 17, 2003



Cleaning of machines and machine parts by means of vegetable fatty acids
For cleaning of machines and machine parts, organic solvents, e.g. spirit, acetone (CAS No. 67-64-1 Acetone ) and white spirit, can be replaced by products based on vegetable fatty acids.
BST Sjælland - Wednesday, March 05, 2003



Cleaning of cylinders and worms on injection moulding machines
A large plastics company used cleaning agents containing methylmetha acrylate for cleaning cylinders and worms on injection moulding machines. Today, a plastic granulate of SAN and PEHD is used instead.
LEGO System A/S - Wednesday, March 05, 2003



Substitution of lead stabilisers
The rubber and plastics industry's use of lead as stabiliser in certain plastic products can be replaced by stabilisers based on calcium zinc.
BST Sjælland - Tuesday, March 04, 2003



Brominated flame retardants for plastic
In the production of certain plastic blanks, flame retardants are added to the raw material in order to improve its fire safety properties. The brominated flame retardants can be replaced by products based on triphenyl phosphate.
BST Sjælland - Thursday, February 27, 2003



Rengøring af blanke flader
LEGO System A/S - Thursday, February 27, 2003



Afrensning af maskiner og maskindele
LEGO System A/S - Thursday, February 27, 2003



Afrensning af urenheder på formværktøj
LEGO System A/S - Thursday, February 27, 2003



Afrensning af tampontrykpuder
LEGO System A/S - Thursday, February 27, 2003



Afrensning af formdele
LEGO System A/S - Thursday, February 27, 2003



Corrosion protection of moulds
For corrosion protection of moulds, a product containing approximately 70% turpentine was used. Today, a product with mineral oil and lubricant additives is used instead.
LEGO System A/S - Thursday, February 27, 2003



Cleaning of printing blocks
A large company cleaned its printing blocks using ultrasound and methylene chloride (CAS No. 75-09-2 Dichloromethane ), which is skin permeating and carcinogenic. Instead, the company now uses ultrasound and methyl butyl ketone (CAS No. 591-78-6 2-Hexanone ).
LEGO System A/S - Thursday, February 27, 2003



Bonding of ABS plastic
For bonding of ABS plastic, a liquid based on methyl ethyl ketone (CAS No. 78-93-3 2-Butanone ) was used. The liquid has been replaced by gamma-butyrolactone (CAS No. 96-48-0 γ-Butyrolactone ) to which a small amount of plastic material has been added.
LEGO System A/S - Wednesday, February 26, 2003



Rensning af mixerhoveder
Løgstør Rør A/S - Tuesday, February 25, 2003



Tørring v.h.a. tørreperler
Løgstør Rør A/S - Tuesday, February 25, 2003



Anticorrosive agent for steel tubes
To protect steel tube ends against corrosion, an oil-containing agent was used. This agent has been replaced by a coating of foamed polyethylene (PE).
Løgstør Rør A/S - Tuesday, February 25, 2003



Slipmiddel
Løgstør Rør A/S - Tuesday, February 25, 2003



Trykfarve uden opløsningsmidler
BST Århus - Friday, February 21, 2003



Cleaning of machines and machine parts
For removal of oil-residue from machines and machine parts, kerosene can be replaced by products based on alcohol ethoxylate and non-ionic tensides.
Plastmo A/S - Thursday, February 20, 2003



Cyclopentane foaming of hard polyurethane plastic
For foaming of hard polyurethane plastic, a foaming agent consisting of CFC, HCFC and HFC was used. In a new process, these substances can be replaced by cyclopentane.
BST Sjælland - Thursday, February 20, 2003



Carbon dioxide foaming of soft polyurethane plastic
For foaming of soft polyurethane plastic, a foaming agent consisting of CFC, HCFC or HFC was used. In a new process, HFC has been replaced by carbon dioxide (C02).
BST Sjælland - Thursday, February 20, 2003



Polyesterstøbning, miljøpolyester
BST Sjælland - Thursday, February 20, 2003



Cleaning using dibasic esters after polyester casting
Acetone (CAS No. 67-64-1 Acetone ) has been replaced by dibasic esters for cleaning tools and moulds for polyester casting.
BST Sjælland - Thursday, February 20, 2003



Fortynder til serigrafifarve
BST Sjælland - Friday, February 07, 2003



Metallim
AMBU A/S - Wednesday, February 05, 2003



Lubricant used when mounting rubber parts
Ethanol as friction-reducing agent replaced by water and sulphone.
AMBU A/S - Wednesday, February 05, 2003



Udskiftning af kølesmøremiddel
AMBU A/S - Wednesday, February 05, 2003



Glue for polyamide
Glue containing methanol (CAS No. 67-56-1 Methanol ) for conveyor belt. Instead, ethanol (CAS No. 64-17-5 Ethanol ) or a mixture of ethanol (CAS No. 64-17-5 Ethanol ) and gamma-butyrolactone is suggested.
BST Sjælland - Thursday, December 05, 2002



Polyurethanfjerner
BST Sjælland - Saturday, January 01, 2000



Udskiftning af acetone med Enviro Poly-clean 2
BST Sjælland - Thursday, December 05, 2002